Harmful factors in the work environment - limit values 2022
edited by Dr. Małgorzata Pośniak and Dr. Jolanta Skowroń
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Warszaw 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022
13th edition revised
Developed and published as part of the 5th stage of the multi-annual program "Improvement of safety and working conditions", financed in 2022 within the scope of state services tasks by the Ministry of Family and Social Policy.
Foreword (11)
1. Introduction (13)
CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES (23)
2. Introducing the values of the maximum permissible concentrations of chemical substances in the work environment into the list (25)
2.1. Basic definitions (27)
Chemical substances - chemical elements and their compounds as they occur in nature or are obtained by a manufacturing process, with any additives required to maintain their stability and any impurities resulting from the process used, excluding solvents which can be separated without affecting stability and composition of the substance.
Chemical mixture - a mixture or solution consisting of two or more substances.
Chemical agent...
Hazardous chemical agent...
Maximum permissible concentration (MPC)...
...
2.2. Principles of occupational exposure assessment (29)
The process of assessing occupational exposure related to chemical substances is a multi-stage process. Each stage should be carried out very carefully, with great responsibility, by appropriate specialists involved in the analysis of chemical air pollution and occupational health and safety management.
2.2.1. Job description (29)
2.2.2. Identification (30))
2.2.3. Determination of chemical substances in the air at workplaces (30)
2.2.4. Air sampling (32)
2.2.5. Interpretation of results (35)
2.2.6. Corrective actions (37)
2.3. Substance labeling rules (37)
References (43)
3. List of maximum permissible concentrations, together with the endpoint labeling adopted by the Commission and methods for determining concentrations in air at workplaces (45)
4. Permissible concentrations of harmful chemicals in biological material (DSB) (119)
4.1. Biological monitoring of exposure to factors harmful to health (121)
4.2. Biological material (122)
4.3. Early effects monitoring (124)
4.4. DSB values (124)
References (126)
Attachment (128)
DUST AGENTS (141)
5. Dust factors (143)
5.1. Basic definitions (145)
5.2. Particle dimensions (146)
5.3. Assessment of occupational exposure to dust factors (147)
References (153)
Attachment (154)
BIOLOGICAL FACTORS (161)
6. Harmful biological agents (163)
References (172)
PHYSICAL FACTORS (175)
7. Introduction (177)
8. Noise, infrasonic noise and ultrasonic noise (183)
8.1. Noise (185)
8.1.1. Limit values (187)
8.1.2. Measurement methods (190)
8.1.3. Occupational exposure and risk assessment (191)
8.1.4. Prevention (192)
8.2. Infrasonic noise (194)
8.2.1. Measurement methods and criteria for assessing infrasonic noise as a nuisance factor (195)
8.2.2. Occupational exposure and risk assessment (196)
8.2.3. Prevention (197)
8.3. Ultrasonic noise (197)
8.3.1. Limit values (198)
8.3.2. Measurement methods (199)
8.3.3. Exposure assessment (200)
8.3.4. Prevention (200)
References (201)
Attachment (203)
9. Mechanical vibrations (205)
9.1. Introduction (207)
9.2. Worker exposure assessment (209)
9.3. Limit values (212)
9.4. Occupational risk assessment (213)
9.5. Possibilities of reducing occupational risk related to exposure to mechanical vibrations (215)
References (216)
10. Electromagnetic field (219)
10.1. Electromagnetic hazards in the work environment (221)
10.2. Electromagnetic field sources (224)
10.3. Exposure or exposure of all workers (225)
10.4. Protection of pregnant women and young people (230)
10.5. Protection of users of medical implants and wearable devices (231)
10.6. Electromagnetic field measurements (231)
10.7. Occupational risk assessment related to exposure to electromagnetic fields (232)
10.8. Protective measures (234)
References (238)
Annex 1 (241)
Annex 2 (243)
11. Non-laser optical radiation (247)
11.1. Introduction (249)
11.2. Ultraviolet radiation (249)
11.2.1. Factor characteristics (249)
11.2.2. The effect of ultraviolet on the human body (250)
11.2.3. Sources of non-laser ultraviolet radiation (250)
11.2.4. Spectral distribution of biological effectiveness of ultraviolet radiation (250)
11.2.5. Maximum permissible exposure (MDE) values (251)
11.2.6. Permissible exposure of adolescents and pregnant women (251)
11.2.7. Measurement methods (251)
11.2.8. Measurement frequency (251)
11.3. Visible radiation (252)
11.3.1. Factor characteristics (252)
11.3.2. The effect of visible radiation on the human body (252)
11.3.3. Sources of non-laser visible radiation (253)
11.3.4. Spectral distributions of biological effectiveness of visible radiation (253)
11.3.5. Maximum permissible exposure (MDE) values (254)
11.3.6. Measurement methods (255)
11.3.7. Measurement frequency (255)
11.4. Infrared radiation (256)
11.4.1. Factor characteristics (256)
11.4.2. The effect of infrared on the human body (256)
11.4.3. Sources of non-laser infrared radiation (256)
11.4.4. Maximum permissible exposure (MDE) values (257)
11.4.5. Permissible exposure of adolescents (258)
11.4.6. Measurement methods (258)
11.4.7. Measurement frequency (258)
11.5. Additional factors considered in optical radiation exposure testing (259)
11.6. Basic methods of protecting humans against non-laser optical radiation in the work environment (259)
References (260)
12. Laser radiation (261)
12.1. Dangers caused by laser radiation (263)
12.2. Maximum allowable exposures (264)
12.3. Other threats (266)
12.4. Division of lasers and laser devices into classes in terms of hazards (267)
12.5. Actions and measures to ensure safe work with lasers (268)
12.5.1. Technical requirements (269)
12.5.2. Information requirements for the manufacturer (271)
12.5.3. Organizational requirements for the user (273)
12.6. Safety requirements during laser shows and performances (274)
12.7. Safety when working with fiber optic telecommunications systems (274)
12.8. Safe work with optical communication systems in free space (277)
References (279)
Attachment (280)
13. Ionizing radiation (295)
13.1. Introduction (297)
13.2. Biological effects of ionizing radiation (298)
13.3. Radiation protection (299)
13.4. Limit doses (301)
13.5. Exceptional situations (305)
13.6. Medical surveillance (311)
References (312)
14. Thermal environment (315)
14.1. Introduction (317)
14.2. Hot microclimate (317)
14.2.1. Measurement of environmental parameters (318)
14.2.2. Measuring Derived Parameters (319)
14.2.3. Measuring air temperature (320)
14.2.4. Metabolic rate assessment (320)
14.2.5. Variability in time and space (321)
14.2.6. Acclimatization (322)
14.2.7. Replenishing water and salt (323)
14.2.8. Protection of young people and pregnant and breastfeeding women (323)
14.3. Cold microclimate (324)
13.3.1. IREQ Index (324)
14.3.2. tWC indicator (325)
14.3.3. Supervision of working conditions (326)
14.3.4. Protection of young people and pregnant and breastfeeding women (327)
References (328)
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON HIGHEST PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATIONS AND INTENSITIES OF FACTORS HARMFUL TO HEALTH IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT (329)
15. Regulation of the Prime Minister of December 15, 2008 on the establishment of the International Commission for the Maximum Permissible Concentrations and Intensities of Factors Harmful to Health in the Work Environment (331)
16. Composition of expert teams appointed by the Chairman of the Interministerial Commission for the Highest Permissible Concentrations and Intensities of Factors Harmful to Health in the Work Environment (337)
16.1. Team of Experts on Chemical and Dust Agents (339)
16.2. Team of Experts on Physical Factors (340)
16.3. Team of Experts on Biological Agents (342)
17. Proposals for new NDS and NDN values (343)
17.1. List of chemical agents whose normative values were adopted by the Commission requesting the minister responsible for labor to introduce them into the regulation on NDS and NDN values (as of February 30, 2022) (345)
17.2. List of chemical substances for which the Team of Experts for Chemical and Dust Agents developed documentation in 2022 (349)
17.3. Hygiene standards established in the European Union (350)
References (375)
18. CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number) (377)
