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Aura - Ochrona Środowiska (AURA Environmental Protection) 2021/01

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Category: Aura Ochrona Środowiska
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  • Technological curiosities from around the world
    More effective desalination Production of cheap, fresh water may soon be possible, thanks to researchers from the University of Texas and Penn State . They managed to solve a problem that scientists had been grappling with for decades. The membranes used in the desalination process and in the general removal of other chemicals from the water are the primary means of water treatment. However, the reactions taking place there are so complicated that there is still a lot of room for research. A group of scientists has solved the difficult problem of these processes, which could lead to cheaper obtaining clean water. They found that desalination membranes have different density and mass distribution, which can affect their performance. The key to efficiency is to be uniform density at the nanoscale. Reverse osmosis systems are a commonly used method of water purification. For the past 40 years, it has not been fully known how exactly fluid moves through them.
  • Powers of the Environmental Protection Inspection with regard to the offenses specified in the "new" Water Law Act
    Can the inspector of the Environmental Protection Inspection impose a fine by way of a penal mandate in the case of offenses specified in the Water Law Act of 20 July 2017? Can he apply a caution to these offenses?
  • Man causes extinction of mammals, not climate
    Scientists differ in opinions about the causes of extinction of mammals in prehistoric times. Some point to human activities, others to climatic fluctuations, or to the combined human and climate influences that would best explain past extinctions, including representatives of megafauna . According to the latest research, the extinction of mammals in the last 126 thousand. years had more to do with negative human influences than with climatic factors. Human influence explains 96% of all mammalian extinctions at this time.
  • Chrobry was the first
    Will the hare survive under the copper plateau? Will the toad resist human aggression? Can the lynx avoid the poacher's barrel? My neighbor says yes. On one condition, however, that man shows maximum reason and empathy. Unfortunately, it doesn't. It is so and it was so. That is why the greats of this world have long, ex officio, protected the natural heritage. On different ways. The ancients sheltered nature objects for religious and moral reasons. This is how the huge erratic boulders that served as sacrificial altars for priests survived. Thanks to beliefs, the Egyptian scarab lived in luxury. For the same reasons, sacred cows, monkeys and crocodiles were protected in India. The oldest information on nature conservation comes from Asia.

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Monitor Prawa Pracy i Ubezpieczeń (Labor Law and Insurance Monitor) 2021/01

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Category: Monitor Prawa Pracy i Ubezpieczeń
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  • Subject of the issue: Industry Shield 6.0 - what solutions does it provide for employers
  • You need to know about it!
    • An employee in quarantine - answers to questions from the practice (5)
    • Can a foreigner's work permit be revoked as a result of downtime caused by a pandemic (10)
    • On February 1, 2021, the deadline for the entrepreneur to apply to the small ZUS plus 2021 will expire (13)
    • Zero PIT for young people and other changes in taxes for employees in 2021 (19)
  • The Office for Personal Data Protection explains
    • How to control the correct use of a sick leave so that it complies with the provisions of the GDPR (23)
  • Answers to HR questions
    • Can those employed under a specific task contract use the company's social benefit fund (25)
    • How to implement a task-based working time system for one employee only (25)
    • Is it possible to justify the absence of an employee staying in quarantine, if there is no information about it in the IT system of the Social Insurance Institution (25)

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UDT Inspektor (TIA Inspector) 2020/04

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Category: UDT Inspektor
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  • A new model of laboratory services of the Office of Technical Inspection (UDT) (4)
    An interview with Wojciech Manaj , director of the Central Laboratory of Technical Inspection
  • UDT launches NDT mobile laboratories (8)
    Developing a new service model and increasing the availability of laboratory services are among the goals of UDT's strategic activities undertaken in recent years. The stages of achieving these goals were: creating a network of stationary and mobile laboratories at UDT, including ensuring appropriate measurement and research equipment, developing the competence of laboratory staff, implementing new research methods.
  • Management systems and business continuity during a pandemic - experience from this year's management system audits (10)
    The supplies of energy, water and food are of fundamental importance for society, and their security is one of the elements that characterize highly developed countries. Anticipating threats and actions taken to minimize their adverse effects are the foundation of critical infrastructure management. The current epidemiological threat, which has materialized on a scale unprecedented in recent decades, revises the readiness of individual enterprises to maintain business continuity. Adapting to the restrictions related to COVID-19 forced the application of extraordinary security measures not only by operators of critical infrastructure systems, which, due to the legal regime in which they operate, had epidemic action plans, but also by other entities of the national economy.
  • A year with a lifetime (12)
    In connection with the development of the economy, it can be noticed that an essential element of running a business as well as an effective production process are handling equipment. It often happens that the devices in use are several or even several dozen years old. In regulatory practice, in relation to such devices, we more and more often encounter breakdowns, dangerous damage or repairs. Therefore, the question arises whether the designed service life of these devices has not already been exceeded. In this case, the concept of RESURSU comes in handy.

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Serwis Prawno-Pracowniczy (Legal and Work Service) 2021/01

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Category: Serwis Prawno-Pracowniczy
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  • The subject of the month
    • ZUS IWA for 2020 - how to properly draw up the form (15)
      On February 1, 2021, the deadline for submitting to the Social Insurance Institution "Information on data for determining the accident insurance contribution" - ZUS IWA. The data provided in the form will be used by the Social Insurance Institution to determine the individual interest rate of the accident insurance contribution, which will apply to the payer from April 1, 2021.
  • Labor law
    • Principles of introducing a 12-month settlement period for working time (21)
      The Labor Code allows for the use of extended settlement periods. This is a convenience for employers whose activities are subject to fluctuations, for example due to uneven orders for their products or services. Extending billing periods may also be a way to mitigate the effects of periodic declines in demand for certain goods or services caused by the COVID-19 epidemic.
  • Salaries
    • Compensating an employee for the costs of performing remote work (29)
      The issue of compensation by the employer to the employee for the costs incurred by him in connection with remote work (including that provided during quarantine or home isolation) is not regulated by law. It should be assumed that the employee is entitled to such compensation. It is recommended to regulate the issue of compensation in an additional contract.

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Praca i Zabezpieczenie Społeczne (Work and Social Security) 2020/12

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Category: Praca i Zabezpieczenie Społeczne
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  • The future of the autonomy of European social partners is unclear. Pending judgment in EPSU V. European Commission (3-9)
    The subject of the article is the judgment of the General Court of the European Union of 24 October 2019 on the Agreement of European sectoral social partners of 21 December 2015 "General framework for informing and consulting officials and employees of the central government administration". The judgment is the result of a complaint by the European Federation of Public Service Trade Unions (EPSU). This judgment and the future final ruling by the Court of Justice of the European Union (following an appeal by EPSU) will be of key importance for the functioning of the European social dialogue mechanisms. According to the author, the ruling in question allows to pose questions about the role of the European Commission in this process.
  • Directive on work-life balance of parents and carers - challenges for Poland (10-19)
    The balance between work and family responsibilities is an important issue in modern society. The relationship of subordination and dependence of the employee, which characterizes the employment relationship and distinguishes it from other employment relationships, places the employee in a difficult position in terms of control over his own professional life and balancing it with private life. Participation in gainful activity often involves the sacrifice of the private life of the worker, which makes the exchange between the parties to the employment relationship no longer fair. Family life is the most vulnerable to conflict between work and private life. This becomes a critical challenge for many workers, especially women with family responsibilities. This paper aims to present an analysis of the recent legislative intervention of the European Union in the conflict between work and private life - the Work-Life Balance Directive and Poland's place in this picture. The analysis reveals some limitations of the existing legislation as regards the conditions for reconciling work and family responsibilities by caregivers.
  • Self-employment or subordinate work? The cases of Italy and Spain (20-28)
    The aim of the article is to analyze the legal regulations concerning self-employment in Italy and Spain. Taking into account the fact that both countries are characterized by a dualism between subordinated work and self-employment, the author pays special attention to legal figures that do not easily fit into this division, namely economically dependent self-employed workers (the Spanish case) and cooperation organized by the client and coordinated cooperation organized by the contract taker (Italian case). It also tries to answer the question whether the Polish legislator can draw conclusions from the foreign regulations described in the article.
  • National Scientific Conference "Young Workers in the Labor Market - Opportunities, Problems, Threats" - report (29-30)
    The aim of the report is to present the course of the National Scientific Conference "Young workers in the labor market - opportunities, problems, threats", which took place on November 20, 2020. The event was organized by the University of Silesia in Katowice - the Institute of Legal Sciences, the Social Insurance Institution and the "Opus per laborem" Scientific Circle of Labor Law. The conference was of an interdisciplinary nature and was an opportunity for an intensive scientific debate on an important, current issue - the employment of young people.

    Read more: Praca i Zabezpieczenie Społeczne (Work and Social Security) 2020/12

Polityka Społeczna (Social Policy) 2020/11-12

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Category: Polityka Społeczna
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  • The importance of labor inputs in contemporary trends in economic growth
    The aim of the article is to show the relationship between the size of the human labor factor and economic growth in the 21st century, and in particular to determine the share of this factor in economic growth. The empirical base of the considerations is the statistical data on Poland and groups of European Union countries from 2000–2019. The research shows that the coefficients of employment growth in GDP growth (the so-called employment absorption coefficients) in Poland are much lower than in the groups of the euro area countries, the EU 15 and the EU 27. Estimates of the limits of jobless economic growth show that that in Poland in the years 2000–2019 they are much lower than before, and moreover, they are at a much higher level than in the groups of euro area countries, EU 15 and EU 27.
  • Work and globalization
    The aim of the article is to analyze some aspects of work and globalization from a historical perspective, with the intention of better understanding the challenges of the last 30-40 years of neoliberal globalization. After the globalization of trade, which connected the world in the 16th century, the future was industrial, with a decisive transformation of the sphere of work, e.g. the shift of agriculture to the margins. Globalization after 1945 is more complex, although based on scientific and technological revolutions, it also has other important dimensions: geopolitical, economic (financial), socio-cultural, ecological, and some of them have worrying consequences for the sphere of science and technology. ry work. Among them I discuss President Trump's rejection of the neoliberal globalization that "exported" millions of US jobs to China, the collapse of the middle class, and populist reactions in society and politics. The world of work is full of uncertainty, but it is different in different parts of the world.
  • Continuation or change? Selected dilemmas of employment policy at the threshold of the 21st century from today's perspective
    The aim of the article is to analyze selected problems of employment policy in Poland from the perspective of the last 20 years. Issues such as: unemployment in various dimensions, segmentation of the labor market, ownership of enterprises from the perspective of employment, labor migrations, remote work, and the shadow economy in the economy are addressed.
  • Work and welfare state: multiple dependencies
    The subject of the article are considerations on the spread of the relationship between labor taxation and the development of the welfare state. On the one hand, we are dealing with the emergence of various types of non-standard work and forms of remuneration with reduced taxation of labor. On the other hand - with the increase in entitlements to appropriate (in terms of type and amount) social benefits determined on the basis of general rights and various rights not related to work and employment. There is no coordination between the two sides, as evidenced by successive reforms in both the labor market and social security systems. They were indicated in the text and their limited effectiveness was assessed in reconciling the new labor market with the desired scope of the welfare state, which includes its most expensive segments today: health care, education and old-age security.

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Monitor Prawa Pracy (Labor Law Monitor) 2020/12

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Category: Monitor Prawa Pracy
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  • News
    • The period of time under Art. 52 § 2 of the CC
    • Changes in the law
    • Lips designs
    • Audit of the performance of tasks in the field of social insurance by contribution payers
  • Articles
    • Limited partnership membership and social security obligation
    • On the interpretation of Art. 94 § 3 of the Civil Code
    • Labor market instruments for the implementation of the right to the first job of the young unemployed
    • The principle of transparency in the processing of personal data as an instrument to protect the employee's information autonomy
    • Performing the function of a data protection officer - ethical aspects
    • The possibility of "accumulation" and "expiry" of holiday entitlements in the light of the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice
    • The meaning of the term "immediately" in the context of Art. 53 § 5 of the CC
    • Group layoffs

Monitor Prawa Pracy (Labor Law Monitor) - the whole list

Monitor Prawniczy (Law Monitor) 2020/23

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Category: Monitor Prawniczy
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  • News
    • Acquisition of citizenship and the transcription of a foreign birth certificate
    • Appealing the decision on recruitment for a clerical position
    • An invalid judgment suspends the enforcement of the supervisory decision
    • Covering the cost of foreign treatment
    • European arrest warrant
    • Parallel import license
  • Articles
    • Update of fees for perpetual usufruct - consequences of failure to meet the deadline for lodging an objection
    • GDPR evaluation and review after two years of application. Current problems of legal protection of personal data 2020
    • On the optimal model of group law. Critical remarks on the corporate law draft of July 20, 2020 (part I)
    • Maximum non-interest loan costs for consumer loan agreements concluded during the period of validity of special solutions related to COVID-19
    • Security of networks and services in the draft amendment to the Act on the National Cybersecurity System
    • The concept of risk in the regulation of cybersecurity
    • Autonomization of the concept of crime under Art. 442 § 2 of the Civil Code
    • An agent's remuneration for indirect interests - the limits of availability in the context of the Rigall question

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Medycyna Pracy (Occupational Medicine) 2020/06

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Category: Medycyna Pracy
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  • Factors associated with physical activity levels in late adolescence: a prospective study Damir Sekulic
    Reaching an appropriate physical activity level (PAL) in adolescence is an important public health problem. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with PAL and changes in PAL in late adolescence% CI: 1.08–1.70, for team sports and maternal education, respectively). The study confirmed certain associations between the studied variables and PAL, but there was no significant influence of the observed indicators on changes in PAL in late adolescence.
  • Exposure assessment of pharmaceutical powders based on an environmental monitoring method: a pilot study
    About 8 million healthcare workers in the USA are potentially exposed to hazardous drugs or their toxic metabolites over a long period of time despite the fact that both the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the European Parliament recommend the monitoring of exposure among workers dealing with substances which have carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic effects on the reproductive system. The objective of this study is to determine exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) among pharmaceutical industry workers, and to develop a methodology which promotes the accurate monitoring, evaluation and control of exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients, also in compliance with good manufacturing practiceThe results clearly prove and reveal the magnitude of the hazard, both objectively and scientifically, when compared to the research which suggests that 10 ng/cm2 should be considered the prohibitory risk level in quantitative terms.
  • The impact of selected educational and information interventions on the coverage rate and attitudes to influenza vaccination in nursing Staff
    Influenza vaccinations are recommended for medical staff as an effective and safe form of preventing influenza and its complications. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of selected educational and information interventions on the influenza vaccination coverage (IVC) in nursing personnel and their attitude towards this procedureStationary training followed by a reminder in the form of a short text message is more effective in increasing the IVC rate compared to distance learning. It also promotes positive changes in attitudes to this prophylactic procedure, which is why it should be recommended for wider implementation.
  • Do the requirements of the School Occupational Safety and Health Regulation prevent children from wearing too heavy school bags?
    Excessive load on the spine with the schoolbag has a large impact on the child's body posture. According to the recommendation of the Chief Sanitary Inspector (GIS), the ratio of the schoolbag weight to the child's body weight (b.w.) should not exceed 10-15% b.w. child. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of school bags in children aged 6–9 and to check whether it met the recommendation expressed as a percentage of the child's body weight. The mass of school supplies in backpacks was also checked. Additionally, the observations of parents concerning schoolbags and the use of additional storage places (lockers) by children were analyzed.

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